California and Southwest Indian Genealogy Forum
This message board covers a geographic area extending roughly from northern California to Mexico including the states of California, Arizona, New Mexico and Texas
To see a map that shows this area, consult Paula Giese's North American Pre-Contact Native Culture Areas GIS map. Paula's map shows the area for our discussion as the "California" and "Southwest" culture areas.
This culture area includes six linguistic families:
Hokan Linguistic Family
Uto-Aztecan Linguistic Family
Athabascan Linguistic Family
California Penutian Linguistic Family
Yuman Linguistic Family
Tanoan Linguistic Family
Consideration of these tribes from the standpoint of language is very useful to the genealogist. It helps us understand how tribes were, later, grouped on reservations. It tells us what their pre-contact (with Europeans) migrations might have been. It gives insight to the reasons certain tribes formed certain alliances during different historical periods. It also presents many mysteries concerning the dissemination or diaspora of the Indian Nations throughout history.
Remember, please, that the tribe lists and geographic areas described are approximate and the delineations are soft. If your people are from an area nearby or are not listed but known to be in the area, please don't hesitate to post your message.
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Within the California Penutian Linguistic Family of the California culture area are the following tribes:
Wintu
Wintun
Momlaki
Konkow
Maidu
Lake Miwok
Patwin (S. Wintun)
Nisenan (S. Maidu)
Plains Miwok
N. Miwok
Miwok
Central Miwok
S. Wmiwok
Northern Valley Yokuts
Ykuts
Chukchansi
Foothills Yokuts
Kings River
Tale-Kaweah
Poso Creek
Tachi
Southern Valley yokuts
Burena Vista
Costanoan
Within the Hokan Linguistic Family of the California culture area are the following tribes:
Shasta
Achomawi (Pit River)
Konomihu
Chimariko
Okwanuchu
Atsugewi (Hat Creek)
Yana
Yahi
N. Pomo
Pomo
N.E. Pomo
E. & S.E. pomo
Central Pomo
Kashaya Pomo
S. Pomo
Washo
Esselen
Salina
Chumash
Within the Athabascan Linguistic Family of the California culture area are the following tribes:
Chilula
Whilkut
Hupa
Mattole
Nongatl
Lassik
Sinkyone
Kato
Wailaki
Within the Uto-Aztecan Linguistic Family of the California culture area are the following tribes:
Tubatulabal
Kawaiisu
Kitanemuk
Vanyume
Fernandeno
Gabrielino
Alliklik
Serrano
Cahuilla
Cupeno
Juaneno
Luiseno
Within the Yuman Linguistic Family of the Southwest Culture Area are the following tribes:
Havasupai
Walapai
Mohave
Halchidhoma
Yavapai
Diegueno (Ipai)
Kamia (Tipai)
Akawala
Kiliwa
Kohuana
Maricopa
Yuma
Halykwamai
Cocopa
Within the Atahbascan Linguistic Family of the Southwest culture area are the following tribes:
Navajo
Jicarilla apache
Kiowa-Apache
Plains Apache
Mescalero Apache
Lipan Apache
Chiricahua Apache
Western Apache
White Mountain Apache
San Carlos
Cibecue
N. Tonto
S. Tonto
Hopi
Zuni
Keres
Tewa
Within the Tanoan Linguistic Family of the Southwest culture area are the following tribes:
Mansa
Taos
N. Tiwa
Jemez
Pueblo
Pecos
Piro
Other tribes in the Southwest culture area:
Tokawa
Aranama
Karankawa
Coaque
Kohani
Coapite
Kopano
Coahuiltecan
Coahuilteco
Pelones
Barrado
Catoname
Comecrudo
Within the Uto-Aztecan Linguistic Family of the Southwest Culture Area are the following tribes:
Cochimi
Pima
Ouahatikia
papago
Sobaipuri
Jocome
Jano
Suma
Jumano
Toboso
Concho
Opata
Seri
Lower Pima
Eudeve
Java
Yaqui
Guarijio
Tarahumara
Tubar
Mayo
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Reference Books which can be consulted for details on these tribes include:
Handbook of American Indians north of Mexico. Frederick Hodge. New York, Greenwood Press [1969]2 v. illus. 27 cm.
The Gale encyclopedia of Native American tribes / edited by Sharon Malinowski ... [et al.].Detroit : Gale, c1998.4 v.
The Indian tribes of North America / John R. Swanton.Baltimore, MD : Genealogical Publishing Co., 2003.726 p. ; 23 cm
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How to Write and Manage a Genealogical Query
When using Message Boards and Mailing Lists online, it's important to understand what your readers need to know details about your research problem or question (query). Following are instructions for writing queries. If you follow these instructions, you will have greater and more appropriate responses to your queries.
REMEMBER: You will be consulting people who are experts in their fields and very busy. An incomplete or improperly written query will probably garner a "sorry, no information" answer from most other experts. However, I am dedicated to teaching genealogy as well as answering questions in my area of interest, so, do, please, keep a copy of this instruction and consult it when you make your next request for information.
REMEMBER: In writing your query, answer the following questions, so far as you are able. If the information you have is uncertain, follow it with a question mark (?).
If you have no information about a detail, place a blank area in the query ( _______ ).
Abbreviate birth (b), marriage (m) and death (d). If you have to list more than one marriage write them (m1), (m2), etc.
-YOUR QUERY SHOULD ANSWER THESE QUESTIONS-
1. Who is the person you want to find information about (if a female, give her maiden name, or, if none is known, explain)?
2. When and where was this person born (b), where and when did he die (d), where and when did he marry (m)?
3. Who did this person marry? Where did this person marry?
4. Who were the children that resulted from the marriage (b, d, m) and what were the names of their spouses (no further information needed for the children's spouses unless there is some pertinent reason to add more)?
5. Who were the parents (b,d,m) of the person on whom you are focusing (question #1)? Where and when did they live and die, etc?
6. Who were the siblings (brothers and sisters) (b,d,m) of the person on whom you are focusing (question #1)? Where and when did they live and die, etc?
7. With what tribe(s) do you think your focus person was associated?
8. Why do you think your focus person was Indian (physical characteristics, family story, Indian name, proximity to tribes, etc.)?
-TO PREPARE AND USE YOUR QUERY-
Write your query in a word processor (answering ALL of the questions), select and copy it onto your clip board; then go out on the web and look for places to deposit it. As long as you don't use your copy command on anything else, it will remain in memory.
All you need to do to insert it is to click on the place where you want it to go, and click on "paste". Simple, huh?
BE SURE TO PLACE YOUR SURNAME(S) AND PLACENAMES IN THE SUBJECT LINE OF THE QUERY SO READERS CAN SORT THEM OUT QUICKLY.
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Thank You
"GENEALOGY WITHOUT PROOF IS MYTHOLOGY"
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